1. Interpretation of the previous diagnostic analysis of the activity:
  2. - Characterisation of users' interests and expectations.
  3. - Identification of the physical and motor characteristics of the users.
  4. - Determination of the level of skill and technical proficiency of the users.
  5. - Discrimination of possible limitations of personal autonomy for the elaboration of the relevant adaptations.
  6. Selection of the type of access route to be followed:
  7. - Determination of the start, the end and the most significant reference points for orientation.
  8. - Determination of logistical needs for access and return depending on the terrain where the gullies are located.
  9. - Choice of the means necessary to carry out the different sections of the route.
  10. - Concretisation of plans and alternative routes in the event of possible contingencies.
  11. - Establishment of balanced diets and hydration guidelines on the route based on the estimation of energy and nutritional needs.
  12. Graphic representation of routes:
  13. - Specific graphic resources for cartography: specific hardware and software.
  14. - Adaptation of commercial maps and sketches: inclusion of specific symbology, scaling and dimensioning of specific areas.
  15. - Obtaining printed copies of specific plans and sketches.
  16. Cartographic interpretation and reconnaissance of the terrain from graphic sources:
  17. - Discrimination of topographical features.
  18. - Determination of routes and itineraries in use or fortunate and feasible due to the orography of the terrain.
  19. - Recognition of obstacles and dangerous areas.
  20. - Identification of constructions, facilities and spaces useful for leisure and recreational activities in the natural environment.
  21. Profile of a route:
  22. - Normal or natural profile, raised and lowered.
  23. - Graphical representation of a profile from its cartographic design.
  24. - Estimation of the intensity of effort of a route as a function of its profile and distance.
  25. Phases of the itinerary:
  26. - Time estimation.
  27. - Technical assessment of the route.
  28. - Determination of objective hazard points
  29. - Determination of the points of application of specific security techniques.
  30. - Determination of access.
  31. - Determination of escape routes
  32. - Alternative plans.
  33. - Route verification.
  34. Sources of information:
  35. - Identification of the information necessary for the design of itineraries.
  36. - Locating sources of information.
  37. Preparation of reports, files and route books for itineraries.
  38. Evaluation of the pathway: instruments and criteria.

  1. Interpretation of the previous diagnostic analysis of the activity:
  2. - Topographical characterisation of the ravine: slope and length.
  3. - Characterisation of the difficulties of the gully.
  4. - Characterisation of the gully equipment.
  5. - Determination of the user's sports profile according to the type of canyon.
  6. - Discrimination of possible limitations of personal autonomy for the elaboration of the relevant adaptations.
  7. Determination of means on the basis of the previous diagnostic analysis:
  8. - Individual protective and safety equipment.
  9. - Collective protection and safety equipment.
  10. - Self-rescue material.
  11. - Team of guides and technicians.
  12. - Communication equipment.
  13. Establishment of the canyoning itinerary to be carried out:
  14. - Determination of the start and end point.
  15. - Determination of the point of no return.
  16. - Location of the escape routes of the itinerary.
  17. - Location of rest and feeding points.
  18. - Location of points of major ecological interest.
  19. - Situation the escape routes.
  20. - Status of the points with communication coverage.
  21. - Estimated completion time.
  22. Graphic representation of the routes through ravines:
  23. - Symbology used in the representation.
  24. - Sketch profiles and elevations.
  25. - Complementary sheets to the sketches.
  26. Gradation of difficulty.
  27. Preparation of reports, sheets and notebooks of canyoning itineraries.
  28. Evaluation of the canyoning itinerary: Instruments and criteria.

  1. Identification of the technician's preventive functions.
  2. Criteria for monitoring and verification of:
  3. - Itineraries.
  4. - Protection, safety and equipment.
  5. - Relief material
  6. - Communication equipment.
  7. - Refreshments.
  8. - Weather information.
  9. Personal and safety equipment: selection and maintenance.
  10. Identification of objective and subjective hazards in ravines:
  11. - Climatological
  12. - Natural: river floods, rock falls, others.
  13. - Physiological: fatigue, hypoglycaemia, dehydration, others.
  14. - Physical: sunstroke, trauma, hypothermia, animal bites, others.
  15. - Psychological: overestimation, fear, other.
  16. Anticipation of predictable behaviours and behaviours based on:
  17. - Characteristics of the sections of a route.
  18. - Type of risk activities to be carried out.
  19. - Possible contingencies.
  20. Determination of protocols for action in dangerous situations:
  21. - Internal organisation of the group.
  22. - Use of material and equipment.
  23. - Choice of security and communication equipment.
  24. - Communication: internal and external.
  25. - Coordination with other technicians and rescue teams.
  26. - Evacuation and rescue: emergencies, civil guard, mountain rescue services, others.

  1. Functional structure and logistics in canyoning sports activities in the natural environment:
  2. - Human resources.
  3. - Material resources.
  4. - Coordination with other entities.
  5. Sequence and nature of standard management in canyoning activities:
  6. - Information and promotion of canyoning activities.
  7. - Arrangements for contracting and civil liability cover.
  8. - Management and contracting of accommodation and meals.
  9. - Transport and travel management and logistics.
  10. - Obtaining and managing transit, stay and overnight stay permits.
  11. - Obtaining information on the turbination regime in artificially controlled gullies and rivers.
  12. Management of purchases in sports activities in the natural environment:
  13. - Analysis of the characteristics of the resources required.
  14. - Supplier selection.
  15. - Application of promotional formats.
  16. - Budgetary control.
  17. Preparation of logistical management reports on sports activities in the natural environment.
  18. Preparation of budgets for sport activities in the natural environment: anticipation and breakdown of income and expenses.
  19. Accounting management in sports activities in the natural environment:
  20. - Control of income and expenditure.
  21. - Budget forecasting and adjustment.
  22. - Final budget deviations: analysis and justification.
  23. - Preparation of economic management reports.

  1. Gully environment and its ecological characterisation.
  2. Safety and environmental protection regulations for access, transit, stay, overnight stay and camping in ravines:
  3. - Administrative authorisation for access and overnight stay.
  4. - Civil liability as an organiser and driver of canyoning activities.
  5. - Regulation of sporting activities in nature protection areas.
  6. Safety and environmental protection regulations in the construction and maintenance of facilities and architectural elements for recreational sports use in natural environments:
  7. - Camping sites - basic requirements.
  8. - Staying and overnight stay areas.
  9. - Mountain hostels.
  10. - Mountain refuges.
  11. - Living-huts.
  12. - Mountain coat.
  13. - Facilities in natural areas.
  14. Criteria for the recognition of specific geographical areas and the application of specific safety and environmental protection regulations for the development of canyoning activities:
  15. - Typology of natural areas subject to regulation in terms of their use and exploitation for sporting and recreational activities.
  16. - Typology of sports-recreational activities susceptible to normative regulation in their development in natural environments.
  17. - Identification of environments of special vulnerability due to the impact of the practice of sport-recreational activities on them.
  18. Areas of interest at regional and county level: climate, flora and fauna of ravines.
  19. Tourism in the natural environment: sports tourism, ecotourism, agrotourism, rural tourism.
  20. Anthropological and socio-cultural aspects indigenous to different areas.
  21. Design and adaptation of protocols for access, overnight stays and environmental preservation:
  22. - Identification of regulatory needs for access, overnight stays and environmental preservation.
  23. - Sequencing and systematics in the design and adaptation of access, overnight stay and environmental preservation protocols.
  24. - Management of permits for transit, overnight stays and the practice of sports-recreational activities: usual processes: responsible entities, phases and processing documents.
  25. - Identification of resources, equipment and measures for environmental protection.
  26. - Criteria for specific adaptation of sport and leisure activities to eliminate the impact of environmental degradation.
  27. - Integration of access, overnight stay and environmental preservation protocols in the design of canyoning itineraries.

  1. Regulations for the approval of materials in Europe.
  2. Criteria for the selection of canyoning sports equipment from the point of view of efficiency and individual protection.
  3. Clothing:
  4. - Design and materials used in manufacture: fibres, fabrics, membranes, physical and chemical properties, uses and applications.
  5. - Layer theory: inner, intermediate and protective layers.
  6. - Underwear in canyoning activities: types, characteristics and applications.
  7. - Outer layer: neoprene as protective clothing, operating system.
  8. - Complements to the neoprene: booties, gloves and hood.
  9. Footwear:
  10. - Materials and fabrics for the manufacture of footwear: applications, advantages, durability and basic care.
  11. - Selection criteria according to the type of gully.
  12. - Foot-shoe interaction: morpho-functional congruence, last, type of tread, hygienic-preventive measures in the use of footwear for canyoning sports activities.
  13. Harness:
  14. - Design and manufacturing materials.
  15. - Technical characteristics.
  16. - Control of sensitive points.
  17. - Storage.
  18. Descender:
  19. - Design and manufacturing materials.
  20. - Technical characteristics.
  21. - Wear control.
  22. Anchor ropes:
  23. - Design and manufacturing materials.
  24. - Technical characteristics.
  25. - Checking the condition of the material and joints.
  26. - Control of the date of manufacture.
  27. - Storage.
  28. Helmet:
  29. - Design and manufacturing materials.
  30. - Technical characteristics.
  31. - Control and frequency of replenishment.
  32. - Factors that diminish and shorten the characteristics and service life.
  33. Rope:
  34. - Characteristics.
  35. - Status monitoring.
  36. - Date of manufacture control.
  37. - Protectors.
  38. - Care during transport and use.
  39. - Maintenance.
  40. - Frequency of replenishment.
  41. Carabiners:
  42. - Types and materials of manufacture.
  43. - Control of sensitive points.
  44. - Maintenance.
  45. Backpack and waterproof bottle:
  46. - Design and manufacturing materials.
  47. - Building materials.
  48. Complementary equipment:
  49. - Auxiliary cords and tapes.
  50. - Express belts.
  51. - Maillones rapide.
  52. - Diving goggles.
  53. - Razor.
  54. - Whistle.
  55. Accessories and materials for self-care and personal protection:
  56. - Specific products for chafing, erosions and skin irritations.
  57. - Basic self-care and personal protection kit.
  58. - Accessories and toiletries: ecological criteria for treatment and disposal, hygienic criteria for personal use, ecological footprint of products used.
  59. Camping and overnight camping materials and resources:
  60. - Selection criteria according to the type of environment and meteorology.
  61. - Selection criteria for ergonomics, volume, weight and capacity to hold people and materials.
  62. - Materials and fabrics for the manufacture of tents and bivouac materials.
  63. - Tents: types, characteristics and applications.
  64. - Sleeping bags: types, characteristics and applications.
  65. - Roofs and protections: techniques and materials for the construction of collective shelters.
  66. - Safety and environmental prevention in the selection, use, treatment and recovery of materials and resources for camping and overnight stays.
  67. Preventive, operative and corrective maintenance of specific sports equipment and materials for canyoning sports activities:
  68. - Design and manufacturing materials: physical strength properties. recycling, materials and specific techniques for restoring their physical integrity and properties.
  69. - Errors in the use of different equipment, garments and materials as a factor in accelerated deterioration.
  70. - Expiration of progression and safety equipment. National, European and world regulations.
  71. - Analysis and criteria for early and preventive diagnosis of deterioration.
  72. - Concept and differences between preventive maintenance, operational maintenance and corrective maintenance.
  73. - Preventive maintenance: techniques and application criteria for conservation and anticipation of risks of deterioration and breakage.
  74. - Operational maintenance: techniques and application criteria for carrying out basic repairs, verification of functionality and safety of repaired materials.
  75. - Corrective maintenance: techniques and criteria for diagnosing deterioration and breakages to be repaired by a specialised technician, communication and management of the relevant repair.
  76. - Criteria for storage and transport of sports equipment.
  77. - 100% % recycled fleece linings. Other fabrics of natural origin.

  1. Interpretation and field study of the environment:
  2. - Characteristics, environment, climate and typology of the terrain.
  3. - Water regime of ravines.
  4. - Natural resources for contingency response: areas and criteria for their location.
  5. Common contingencies in canyon abseiling facilities that can be solved with resources and means of fortune.
  6. Basic survival and repair equipment with resources and means of fortune:
  7. - Multi-purpose tools: cutting, chopping and soil preparation tools.
  8. - Ergonomics and weight criteria for inclusion in transported equipment.
  9. Repair of sports equipment with fortune means:
  10. - Manual skills and adaptation of operational maintenance techniques to be carried out with the resources and means of fortune.
  11. - Possibilities of use and application of the usual materials used in sporting activities in the natural environment to carry out repairs of fortune.
  12. - Natural resources in the environment to carry out fortune repairs-combination of means.
  13. Adequacy of a shelter with means of fortune.
  14. Construction of immobilisation and transport tools in accident and emergency situations:
  15. - Resources and techniques for immobilising injured persons: splinting and fixation of the different body segments.
  16. - Resources and techniques for transporting casualties: construction of stretchers.
  17. - Polyspasti of fortune.
  18. Fortune equipment material:
  19. - Fixed equipment: mallet, spit, spits, plates, screws and spanners.
  20. - Removable equipment material: mallet and nails.
  21. Resources and techniques for signalling one's position in emergency situations.

  1. Biomechanics of human locomotion:
  2. - The human gait: basic anatomical and biomechanical considerations.
  3. - Spine and segmental relationship: implications and coordination in bipedal movement.
  4. - Muscle chains involved in gait, detection of muscle shortening, basic measures for prevention and improvement.
  5. - Morphofunctional disorders, harmful consequences, basic measures for prevention and improvement.
  6. - Postural adaptations during walking, with and without load.
  7. - Mechanical stress of the spine under axial loads during walking: preventive measures (ergonomic distribution of materials being transported) and corrective and remedial measures.
  8. - The foot-cupular structure: loading arch; the balancing arch and the driving arch.
  9. - Mechanical stress on the anatomical structures of the foot: preventive measures (criteria for selection and use of footwear) and corrective and remedial measures.
  10. General walking techniques, on varied terrain without difficulty, with little incline and even terrain.
  11. Specific walking techniques:
  12. - Progress without impacting on the environment: deforestation.
  13. - Progression without disturbing flora and fauna.
  14. - Progression on steep grassy slopes.
  15. - Progression on slopes with scree and glades.
  16. - Progression on unsafe terrain, detection and overcoming difficult steps.
  17. - Downhill techniques facing the slope.
  18. - Zigzag ascent and descent techniques.
  19. - Techniques for fording rivers, torrents and swampy areas.
  20. - Equipment: mode of transport, distribution and organisation of the rucksack according to the terrain.
  21. Securing fortune in risky situations.
  22. Strategies for provisioning, feeding, hydration and obtaining energy resources.
  23. Camping and bivouac during the canyoning activities.
  24. Camping in the natural environment: basic legislation and regional competences.
  25. Criteria for the selection and suitability of the campsite.
  26. Principles of thermal insulation and heat loss.
  27. Types of tents and the suitability of their uses. Personal, light, common use, igloo.
  28. Orientation of the tents according to the prevailing winds. Reinforcement of tents in adverse weather conditions.
  29. Installation of tents in potentially hazardous terrain:
  30. - Flood-prone land: proximity to rivers.
  31. - Walls with stone falls.
  32. - Terrain exposed to weather conditions: wind, lightning.
  33. The Bivouac: Bivouac ready.
  34. - Bivouac equipment: covers, insulation, bivouac blanket, double roof.
  35. - Site selection criteria.
  36. - Adaptations of the natural environment with low environmental impact for bivouacking.
  37. - Time management for the preparation of the bivouac.
  38. - Food preparation-cooking in the bivouac.
  39. - Waste management.
  40. The bivouac of fortune:
  41. - Progression and protection material as thermal insulation: rucksack and spare clothing.
  42. - Criteria for site selection based on the potential of the natural environment for protection.
  43. - Heat-generating elements: cookers and candles.
  44. Camping procedures and techniques to minimise impact on the natural environment:
  45. - Preparation of the camping and overnight stay area.
  46. - Assembly and disassembly of tents and camping elements.
  47. - Transport, treatment and disposal of waste.
  48. - Personal hygiene and cleaning of kitchen utensils.
  49. Food preparation:
  50. - Types of food: processing needs and food presentation.
  51. - Handling utensils: cutlery and containers.
  52. - Cooking heaters - cookers: types, characteristics, fuel used, impact and ecological risks of their use.